Asteroseismology of red giants from the first four months of Kepler data: Fundamental stellar parameters
Identifieur interne : 007A31 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 007A30; suivant : 007A32Asteroseismology of red giants from the first four months of Kepler data: Fundamental stellar parameters
Auteurs : T. Kallinger [Autriche, Canada] ; B. Mosser [France] ; S. Hekker [Royaume-Uni] ; D. Huber [Australie] ; D. Stello [Australie] ; S. Mathur [États-Unis] ; S. Basu [États-Unis] ; T. R. Bedding [Australie] ; W. J. Chaplin [Royaume-Uni] ; J. De Ridder [Belgique] ; Y. P. Elsworth [Royaume-Uni] ; S. Frandsen [Danemark] ; R. A. Garcia [France] ; M. Gruberbauer [Canada] ; J. M. Matthews [Canada] ; W. J. Borucki [États-Unis] ; H. Bruntt [Danemark] ; J. Christensen-Dalsgaard [Danemark] ; R. L. Gilliland [États-Unis] ; H. Kjeldsen [Danemark] ; D. G. Koch [États-Unis]Source :
- Astronomy and astrophysics : (Berlin. Print) [ 0004-6361 ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Context. Clear power excess in a frequency range typical for solar-type oscillations in red giants has been detected in more than 1000 stars, which have been observed during the first 138 days of the science operation of the NASA Kepler satellite. This sample includes stars in a wide mass and radius range with spectral types G and K, extending in luminosity from the bottom of the giant branch up to high-luminous red giants, including the red bump and clump. The high-precision asteroseismic observations with Kepler provide a perfect source for testing stellar structure and evolutionary models, as well as investigating the stellar population in our Galaxy. Aims. We aim to extract accurate seismic parameters from the Kepler time series and use them to infer asteroseismic fundamental parameters from scaling relations and a comparison with red-giant models. Methods. We fit a global model to the observed power density spectra, which allows us to accurately estimate the granulation background signal and the global oscillation parameters, such as the frequency of maximum oscillation power. We find regular patterns of radial and non-radial oscillation modes and use a new technique to automatically identify the mode degree and the characteristic frequency separations between consecutive modes of the same spherical degree. In most cases, we can also measure the small separation between l = 0, 1, and 2 modes. Subsequently, the seismic parameters are used to estimate stellar masses and radii and to place the stars in an H-R diagram by using an extensive grid of stellar models that covers a wide parameter range. Using Bayesian techniques throughout our entire analysis allows us to determine reliable uncertainties for all parameters. Results. We provide accurate seismic parameters and their uncertainties for a large sample of red giants and determine their asteroseismic fundamental parameters. We investigate the influence of the stars' metallicities on their positions in the H-R diagram. Finally, we study the red-giant populations in the red clump and bump and compare them to a synthetic population. We find a mass and metallicity gradient in the red clump and clear evidence of a secondary-clump population.
Affiliations:
- Australie, Autriche, Belgique, Canada, Danemark, France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Midlands de l'Ouest, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Province du Brabant flamand, Vienne (Autriche), Île-de-France
- Birmingham, Gif-sur-Yvette, Heverlee, Louvain, Paris, Sydney, Vienne (Autriche)
- Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Université de Birmingham, Université de Sydney
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Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D</s1><s2>3001 Leuven</s2><s3>BEL</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Belgique</country><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="town">Heverlee</settlement><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elsworth, Y P" sort="Elsworth, Y P" uniqKey="Elsworth Y" first="Y. P." last="Elsworth">Y. P. 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Gruberbauer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute for Computational Astrophysics, Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Marys University</s1><s2>Halifax, NS B3H 3C3</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Halifax, NS B3H 3C3</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matthews, J M" sort="Matthews, J M" uniqKey="Matthews J" first="J. M." last="Matthews">J. M. Matthews</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road</s1><s2>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borucki, W J" sort="Borucki, W J" uniqKey="Borucki W" first="W. J." last="Borucki">W. J. Borucki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>NASA Ames Research Center, MS 244-30</s1><s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field, CA 94035</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruntt, H" sort="Bruntt, H" uniqKey="Bruntt H" first="H." last="Bruntt">H. Bruntt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen Dalsgaard, J" sort="Christensen Dalsgaard, J" uniqKey="Christensen Dalsgaard J" first="J." last="Christensen-Dalsgaard">J. Christensen-Dalsgaard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilliland, R L" sort="Gilliland, R L" uniqKey="Gilliland R" first="R. L." last="Gilliland">R. L. Gilliland</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive</s1><s2>Baltimore, MD 21218</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Baltimore, MD 21218</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kjeldsen, H" sort="Kjeldsen, H" uniqKey="Kjeldsen H" first="H." last="Kjeldsen">H. Kjeldsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koch, D G" sort="Koch, D G" uniqKey="Koch D" first="D. G." last="Koch">D. G. Koch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>NASA Ames Research Center, MS 244-30</s1><s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field, CA 94035</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">11-0068361</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 11-0068361 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:11-0068361</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">002058</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">003E69</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">002598</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">002598</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0004-6361:2010:Kallinger T:asteroseismology:of:red</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">008066</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">007A31</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">007A31</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Asteroseismology of red giants from the first four months of Kepler data: Fundamental stellar parameters</title><author><name sortKey="Kallinger, T" sort="Kallinger, T" uniqKey="Kallinger T" first="T." last="Kallinger">T. Kallinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Institute for Astronomy (IfA), University of Vienna, Turkenschanzstrasse 17</s1><s2>1180 Vienna</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Vienne (Autriche)</region><settlement type="city">Vienne (Autriche)</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road</s1><s2>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mosser, B" sort="Mosser, B" uniqKey="Mosser B" first="B." last="Mosser">B. Mosser</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>LESIA, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Denis, Diderot, Observatoire de Paris</s1><s2>92195 Meudon</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>92195 Meudon</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Observatoire de Paris</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>92195 Meudon</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hekker, S" sort="Hekker, S" uniqKey="Hekker S" first="S." last="Hekker">S. Hekker</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham</s1><s2>Edgbaston, Birmingham B 15 2TT</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huber, D" sort="Huber, D" uniqKey="Huber D" first="D." last="Huber">D. Huber</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), School of Physics, University of Sydney</s1><s2>NSW 2006</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stello, D" sort="Stello, D" uniqKey="Stello D" first="D." last="Stello">D. Stello</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), School of Physics, University of Sydney</s1><s2>NSW 2006</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mathur, S" sort="Mathur, S" uniqKey="Mathur S" first="S." last="Mathur">S. Mathur</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>High Altitude Observatory, NCAR, PO Box 3000</s1><s2>Boulder, CO 80307</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Boulder, CO 80307</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Basu, S" sort="Basu, S" uniqKey="Basu S" first="S." last="Basu">S. Basu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Department of Astronomy, Yale University, PO Box 208101</s1><s2>New Haven, CT 06520-8101</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>New Haven, CT 06520-8101</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bedding, T R" sort="Bedding, T R" uniqKey="Bedding T" first="T. R." last="Bedding">T. R. Bedding</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), School of Physics, University of Sydney</s1><s2>NSW 2006</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region type="état">Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Sydney</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chaplin, W J" sort="Chaplin, W J" uniqKey="Chaplin W" first="W. J." last="Chaplin">W. J. Chaplin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham</s1><s2>Edgbaston, Birmingham B 15 2TT</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Ridder, J" sort="De Ridder, J" uniqKey="De Ridder J" first="J." last="De Ridder">J. De Ridder</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Instituut voor Sterrenkunde, K.U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D</s1><s2>3001 Leuven</s2><s3>BEL</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Belgique</country><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="town">Heverlee</settlement><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elsworth, Y P" sort="Elsworth, Y P" uniqKey="Elsworth Y" first="Y. P." last="Elsworth">Y. P. Elsworth</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham</s1><s2>Edgbaston, Birmingham B 15 2TT</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frandsen, S" sort="Frandsen, S" uniqKey="Frandsen S" first="S." last="Frandsen">S. Frandsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Danish AsteroSeismology Centre (DASC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, R A" sort="Garcia, R A" uniqKey="Garcia R" first="R. A." last="Garcia">R. A. Garcia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Laboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM-CNRS, Université Paris 7 Diderot, IRFU/SAp, Centre de Saclay</s1><s2>91191, GIf-sur-Yvette</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Gif-sur-Yvette</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gruberbauer, M" sort="Gruberbauer, M" uniqKey="Gruberbauer M" first="M." last="Gruberbauer">M. Gruberbauer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Institute for Computational Astrophysics, Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Marys University</s1><s2>Halifax, NS B3H 3C3</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Halifax, NS B3H 3C3</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matthews, J M" sort="Matthews, J M" uniqKey="Matthews J" first="J. M." last="Matthews">J. M. Matthews</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road</s1><s2>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borucki, W J" sort="Borucki, W J" uniqKey="Borucki W" first="W. J." last="Borucki">W. J. Borucki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>NASA Ames Research Center, MS 244-30</s1><s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field, CA 94035</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bruntt, H" sort="Bruntt, H" uniqKey="Bruntt H" first="H." last="Bruntt">H. Bruntt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen Dalsgaard, J" sort="Christensen Dalsgaard, J" uniqKey="Christensen Dalsgaard J" first="J." last="Christensen-Dalsgaard">J. Christensen-Dalsgaard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilliland, R L" sort="Gilliland, R L" uniqKey="Gilliland R" first="R. L." last="Gilliland">R. L. Gilliland</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive</s1><s2>Baltimore, MD 21218</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>19 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Baltimore, MD 21218</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kjeldsen, H" sort="Kjeldsen, H" uniqKey="Kjeldsen H" first="H." last="Kjeldsen">H. Kjeldsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Building 1520, Aarhus University</s1><s2>8000 Aarhus</s2><s3>DNK</s3><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>20 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Danemark</country><wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koch, D G" sort="Koch, D G" uniqKey="Koch D" first="D. G." last="Koch">D. G. Koch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>NASA Ames Research Center, MS 244-30</s1><s2>Moffett Field, CA 94035</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Moffett Field, CA 94035</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Astronomy and astrophysics : (Berlin. Print)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Astron. astrophys. : (Berl., Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">0004-6361</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Astronomy and astrophysics : (Berlin. Print)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Astron. astrophys. : (Berl., Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">0004-6361</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Astroseismology</term><term>Galaxies</term><term>Kepler satellite</term><term>Late type stars</term><term>Luminosity</term><term>Metallicity</term><term>Oscillation modes</term><term>Physical parameter</term><term>Positions</term><term>Power spectra</term><term>Red giant stars</term><term>Spectral type</term><term>Star models</term><term>Stellar mass</term><term>Stellar population</term><term>Stellar structure</term><term>Time series</term><term>Uncertainty</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Astéroséismologie</term><term>Géante rouge</term><term>Paramètre physique</term><term>Satellite Kepler</term><term>Type spectral</term><term>Luminosité</term><term>Structure stellaire</term><term>Modèle stellaire</term><term>Population stellaire</term><term>Galaxies</term><term>Série temporelle</term><term>Spectre puissance</term><term>Mode oscillation</term><term>Masse stellaire</term><term>Incertitude</term><term>Métallicité</term><term>Position</term><term>Etoile type avancé</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Context. Clear power excess in a frequency range typical for solar-type oscillations in red giants has been detected in more than 1000 stars, which have been observed during the first 138 days of the science operation of the NASA Kepler satellite. This sample includes stars in a wide mass and radius range with spectral types G and K, extending in luminosity from the bottom of the giant branch up to high-luminous red giants, including the red bump and clump. The high-precision asteroseismic observations with Kepler provide a perfect source for testing stellar structure and evolutionary models, as well as investigating the stellar population in our Galaxy. Aims. We aim to extract accurate seismic parameters from the Kepler time series and use them to infer asteroseismic fundamental parameters from scaling relations and a comparison with red-giant models. Methods. We fit a global model to the observed power density spectra, which allows us to accurately estimate the granulation background signal and the global oscillation parameters, such as the frequency of maximum oscillation power. We find regular patterns of radial and non-radial oscillation modes and use a new technique to automatically identify the mode degree and the characteristic frequency separations between consecutive modes of the same spherical degree. In most cases, we can also measure the small separation between l = 0, 1, and 2 modes. Subsequently, the seismic parameters are used to estimate stellar masses and radii and to place the stars in an H-R diagram by using an extensive grid of stellar models that covers a wide parameter range. Using Bayesian techniques throughout our entire analysis allows us to determine reliable uncertainties for all parameters. Results. We provide accurate seismic parameters and their uncertainties for a large sample of red giants and determine their asteroseismic fundamental parameters. We investigate the influence of the stars' metallicities on their positions in the H-R diagram. Finally, we study the red-giant populations in the red clump and bump and compare them to a synthetic population. We find a mass and metallicity gradient in the red clump and clear evidence of a secondary-clump population.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Belgique</li><li>Canada</li><li>Danemark</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Midlands de l'Ouest</li><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Province du Brabant flamand</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Birmingham</li><li>Gif-sur-Yvette</li><li>Heverlee</li><li>Louvain</li><li>Paris</li><li>Sydney</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie</li><li>Université de Birmingham</li><li>Université de Sydney</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Autriche"><region name="Vienne (Autriche)"><name sortKey="Kallinger, T" sort="Kallinger, T" uniqKey="Kallinger T" first="T." last="Kallinger">T. Kallinger</name></region></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kallinger, T" sort="Kallinger, T" uniqKey="Kallinger T" first="T." last="Kallinger">T. Kallinger</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gruberbauer, M" sort="Gruberbauer, M" uniqKey="Gruberbauer M" first="M." last="Gruberbauer">M. Gruberbauer</name><name sortKey="Matthews, J M" sort="Matthews, J M" uniqKey="Matthews J" first="J. M." last="Matthews">J. M. Matthews</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Mosser, B" sort="Mosser, B" uniqKey="Mosser B" first="B." last="Mosser">B. Mosser</name></region><name sortKey="Garcia, R A" sort="Garcia, R A" uniqKey="Garcia R" first="R. A." last="Garcia">R. A. Garcia</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Hekker, S" sort="Hekker, S" uniqKey="Hekker S" first="S." last="Hekker">S. Hekker</name></region><name sortKey="Chaplin, W J" sort="Chaplin, W J" uniqKey="Chaplin W" first="W. J." last="Chaplin">W. J. Chaplin</name><name sortKey="Elsworth, Y P" sort="Elsworth, Y P" uniqKey="Elsworth Y" first="Y. P." last="Elsworth">Y. P. Elsworth</name></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Huber, D" sort="Huber, D" uniqKey="Huber D" first="D." last="Huber">D. Huber</name></region><name sortKey="Bedding, T R" sort="Bedding, T R" uniqKey="Bedding T" first="T. R." last="Bedding">T. R. Bedding</name><name sortKey="Stello, D" sort="Stello, D" uniqKey="Stello D" first="D." last="Stello">D. Stello</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mathur, S" sort="Mathur, S" uniqKey="Mathur S" first="S." last="Mathur">S. Mathur</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Basu, S" sort="Basu, S" uniqKey="Basu S" first="S." last="Basu">S. Basu</name><name sortKey="Borucki, W J" sort="Borucki, W J" uniqKey="Borucki W" first="W. J." last="Borucki">W. J. Borucki</name><name sortKey="Gilliland, R L" sort="Gilliland, R L" uniqKey="Gilliland R" first="R. L." last="Gilliland">R. L. Gilliland</name><name sortKey="Koch, D G" sort="Koch, D G" uniqKey="Koch D" first="D. G." last="Koch">D. G. Koch</name></country><country name="Belgique"><region name="Province du Brabant flamand"><name sortKey="De Ridder, J" sort="De Ridder, J" uniqKey="De Ridder J" first="J." last="De Ridder">J. De Ridder</name></region></country><country name="Danemark"><noRegion><name sortKey="Frandsen, S" sort="Frandsen, S" uniqKey="Frandsen S" first="S." last="Frandsen">S. Frandsen</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bruntt, H" sort="Bruntt, H" uniqKey="Bruntt H" first="H." last="Bruntt">H. Bruntt</name><name sortKey="Christensen Dalsgaard, J" sort="Christensen Dalsgaard, J" uniqKey="Christensen Dalsgaard J" first="J." last="Christensen-Dalsgaard">J. Christensen-Dalsgaard</name><name sortKey="Kjeldsen, H" sort="Kjeldsen, H" uniqKey="Kjeldsen H" first="H." last="Kjeldsen">H. 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